Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common cause of male infertility, where a man is unable to maintain an erection firm enough for sexual intercourse. The prevalence of ED varies with age-around 5-10% of men under 40 experience it, rising to 22% over 40, and nearly 49% by the age of 70.
ED typically has no specific symptoms and can result from a combination of physical and psychological factors.
Erectile dysfunction can arise from a variety of causes.
Physical factors may include:
Psychological causes may involve:
Erectile dysfunction can be managed through oral medications, surgery, physical activity, and psychological counseling. Around 80% of men respond well to medication alone. However, in cases involving severe spinal cord injury, sperm retrieval techniques like TESA, PESA, or electroejaculation are used.
If medications are ineffective, conception can still be achieved using assisted reproductive methods such as IUI or IVF/ICSI. Throughout treatment, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, following a balanced diet and exercise routine, practicing yoga, and getting adequate sleep are essential.
For men with diabetes, heart conditions, or other chronic illnesses, regular medical follow-ups are crucial in managing ED. Avoiding smoking, alcohol, and effectively managing stress also contribute to better outcomes.
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